33 to 64/67

Apostle of Jesus from whom he received the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven, according to Matthew 16:18 and 19 . Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) 29 June, (Chair of Saint Peter) 22 February. Recognized by the Catholic Church as the first Bishop of Rome (Pope) appointed by Christ. Also revered as saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 29 June

64/67? to 76/79?

Feast day 23 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June.

76/79? to 88/92

Martyred; feast day 26 April. Once erroneously split into Cletus and Anacletus

88/92 to 97

Feast day 23 November. Issued 1 Clement which is said to be the basis of apostolic authority for the clergy. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 November.

97/99 to 105/107

Said to have divided Rome into parishes, assigning a priest to each. Feast day of 26 October.

107 – 115

Inaugurated the custom of blessing houses with holy water. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 16 March.

115/116 – 125

Feast day of 6 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August.

125 – 136/138

Feast day of 5 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 22 February. Church Father St. Irenaeus called him a great martyr.

136/138 – 140/142

Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 11 January

140/142 – 155

Martyred by sword; feast day 11 July. Decreed that Easter should only be celebrated on a Sunday.

155 – 20 April 168

Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 17 April. Decreed that priests are not allowed to have long hair.

168 – 174

Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 22 April. Declared that marriage was valid as a sacrament blessed by a priest; formally inaugurated Easter as an annual festival in Rome.

174 – 24 May 189

Tradition holds he was martyred; feast day 6 May

189 – 198/199

Known for excommunicating Theodotus of Byzantium. Quartodecimanism controversy.

199–20 December 217

Combated against the adoptionist heresies of the followers of Theodotus the Byzantium who were ruled by Theodotus, the Money Changer and Asclepiodotus. Although not physically martyred, he is called a martyr for the suffering he endured.

c. 217 – 222

Martyred; feast day 14 October.

222 – 23 May 230

Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 May.

21 July 230 – 28 September 235 (5 years, 69 days)

First to abdicate after exile to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax. The Liberian Catalogue records his death on 28 September 235, the earliest exact date in papal history

21 November 235 – 3 January 236 (43 days)

Feast day 3 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August.

10 January 236 – 20 January 250 (14 years, 10 days)

Divided the communities of Rome into seven districts, each supervised by a deacon. Feast day 20 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August.

6/11 March 251 – June 253 (2 years+)

Died a martyr through extreme hardship; feast day 16 September.

25 June 253 – 5 March 254 (256 days)

Feast day 5 March.

12 May 254 – 2 August 257 (3 years, 82 days)

Martyred by beheading; feast day 2 August. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with the same feast day.

31 August 257 – 6 August 258 (341 days)

Martyred by beheading. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August.

22 July 259 – 26 December 268 (9 years, 157 days)

Feast day 26 December

5 January 269 – 30 December 274 (5 years, 890 days)

4 January 275 – 7 December 283 (8 years, 337 days)

17 December 283 – 22 April 296 (12 years, 127 days)

Martyred (according to legend) Feast day 22 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 11 August.

30 June 296 – 1 April 304 (7 years, 276 days)

Feast day 26 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June.

308–309

Banished from Rome under Maxentius (309).

18 April – 17 August 309 or 310

Banished by the emperor Maxentius, and died in exile.

2 July 311 – 10 January 314 (2 years, 192 days)

First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD) issued by Constantine the Great. Presided over the Lateran council of 313.

31 January 314 – 31 December 335 (21 years, 334 days)

Feast day 31 December. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 2 January. First Council of Nicaea (325). Under him was built: the Basilica of St. John Lateran, Santa Croce in Gerusalemme and Old St. Peter's Basilica. Donation of Constantine.

18 January 336 – 7 October 336 (263 days)

Feast day 7 October

6 February 337 – 12 April 352 (15 years, 66 days)

Arian controversy. Credited with splitting the birth of Christ into two distinct celebrations: The Epiphany stayed on the traditional date, and the Nativity was added on 25 December.

17 May 352 – 24 September 366 (14 years, 130 days)

Earliest pope not yet canonized by the Roman Catholic Church. Revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 27 August

1 October 366 – 11 December 384 (18 years, 71 days)

Patron of Jerome, commissioned the Vulgate translation of the Bible. Council of Rome (382).

11 December 384 – 26 November 399 (14 years, 350 days)

27 November 399 – 19 December 401 (2 years, 22 days)

Instructed priests to stand and bow their heads as they read from the Gospels.

22 December 401 – 12 March 417 (15 years, 80 days)

Visigoth Sack of Rome (410) under Alaric

18 March 417 – 26 December 418 (1 years, 283 days)

28 December 418 – 4 September 422 (3 years, 250 days)

10 September 422 – 27 July 432 (9 years, 321 days)

Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 8 April.

31 July 432 – 18 August 440 (8 years, 18 days)

29 September 440 – 10 November 461 (21 years, 43 days)

Convinced Attila the Hun to turn back his invasion of Italy. Wrote the Tome which was instrumental in the Council of Chalcedon and in defining the hypostatic union. Feast day 10 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 18 February.

19 November 461 – 29 February 468 (6 years, 102 days)

3 March 468 – 10 March 483 (15 years, 7 days)

13 March 483 – 1 March 492 (8 years, 354 days)

Text.

1 March 492 – 21 November 496 (4 years, 265 days)

The last pope to have been born on the continent of Africa. The first pope called the "Vicar of Christ"

24 November 496 – 19 November 498 (1 years, 360 days)

Tried to end the Acacian schism but it resulted in the Laurentian schism.

22 November 498 – 19 July 514 (15 years, 239 days)

20 July 514 – 19 July 523 (8 years, 364 days)

Father of Pope Silverius. Acacian schism.

13 August 523 – 18 May 526 (2 years, 278 days)

13 July 526 – 22 September 530 (4 years, 71 days)

Sometimes called Felix III. Built Santi Cosma e Damiano.

22 September 530 – 17 October 532 (2 years, 25 days)

Changed the numbering of the years in the Julian Calendar from Ab Urbe Condita to Anno Domini.

2 January 533 – 8 May 535 (2 years, 126 days)

First pope not to use his personal name (Mercurio). This was because of the Roman god, Mercury.

13 May 535 – 22 April 536 (346 days)

Feast days 22 April and 20 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 17 April.

1 June 536 – 11 November 537 (1 years, 163 days)

Exiled; feast day 20 June, son of Pope Hormisdas

29 March 537 – 7 June 555 (18 years, 70 days)

16 April 556 – 4 March 561 (4 years, 322 days)

Credited with the construction of the basilica of Santi Apostoli.

17 July 561 – 13 July 574 (12 years, 361 days)

2 June 575 – 30 July 579 (4 years, 58 days)

26 November 579 – 7 February 590 (10 years, 73 days)

Ordered the construction of the Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura.

3 September 590 – 12 March 604 (13 years, 191 days)

The first formally to employ the titles Servus servorum Dei and Pontifex Maximus. Established the Gregorian chant. Feast day 3 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 12 March. Known as "the Father of Christian Worship". Known as "St. Gregory the Dialogist" in Eastern Orthodoxy.

13 September 604 – 22 February 606 (1 years, 162 days)

19 February 607 – 12 November 607 (267 days)

25 August 608 – 8 May 615 (6 years, 256 days)

First pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

19 October 615 – 8 November 618 (3 years, 20 days)

Sometimes called Deusdedit, as a result Pope Adeodatus II is sometimes called Pope Adeodatus without a number. The first pope to use lead seals on papal documents, which in time came to be called Papal bulls.

23 December 619 – 25 October 625 (5 years, 306 days)

27 October 625 – 12 October 638 (12 years, 350 days)

Named a heretic and anathematized by the Third Council of Constantinople (680)

28 May 640 – 2 August 640 (66 days)

24 December 640 – 12 October 642 (1 years, 292 days)

24 November 642 – 14 May 649 (6 years, 171 days)

The last pope from Palestine. Planned the Lateran Council of 649, but died before it could open.

21 July 649 – 16 September 655 (6 years, 57 days)

Last pope recognized as a martyr. Feast day of 12 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 14 April.

10 August 654 – 1 June 657 (2 years, 295 days)

30 July 657 – 27 January 672 (14 years, 181 days)

11 April 672 – 17 June 676 (4 years, 67 days)

Sometimes called Pope Adeodatus (without a number) in reference to Pope Adeodatus I sometimes being called Pope Deusdedit. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

2 November 676 – 11 April 678 (1 years, 160 days)

27 June 678 – 10 January 681 (2 years, 197 days)

Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 20 February.

17 August 682 – 28 June 683 (315 days)

Feast day 3 July

26 June 684 – 8 May 685 (317 days)

Feast day 7 May

12 July 685 – 2 August 686 (1 years, 21 days)

21 October 686 – 22 September 687 (335 days)

15 December 687 – 8 September 701 (13 years, 267 days)

Introduced the singing of the Lamb of God at mass

30 October 701 – 11 January 705 (3 years, 73 days)

1 March 705 – 18 October 707 (2 years, 231 days)

The second pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor.

15 January 708 – 4 February 708 (21 days)

25 March 708 – 9 April 715 (7 years, 15 days)

Last pope to visit Greece while in office, until John Paul II in 2001.

19 May 715 – 11 February 731 (15 years, 268 days)

Feast day 11 February. Held the Synod of Rome (721).

18 March 731 – 28 November 741 (10 years, 255 days)

The third pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor. Was previously the last pope to have been born outside Europe until the election of Francis in 2013.

3 December 741 – 22 March 752 (10 years, 110 days)

Feast day 15 March. Built the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva.

23 March 752 – 25 March 752 (Never took office as pope)

Sometimes known as Stephen II. Died three days after his election; never receiving episcopal consecration. Some lists still include him. The Vatican sanctioned his addition in the sixteenth century; removed in 1961. He is no longer considered a pope by the Catholic Church.

26 March 752 – 26 April 757 (5 years, 31 days)

Sometimes called Stephen III. The Donation of Pepin.

29 May 757 – 28 June 767 (10 years, 30 days)

7 August 768 – 24 January 772 (3 years, 170 days)

Sometimes called Stephen IV. The Lateran Council (769).

1 February 772 – 26 December 795 (23 years, 328 days)

26 December 795 – 12 June 816 (20 years, 169 days)

Crowned Charlemagne Imperator Augustus on Christmas Day, 800, thereby initiating what would become the office of Holy Roman Emperor requiring the imprimatur of the pope for its legitimacy.

12 June 816 – 24 January 817 (226 days)

Sometimes called Stephen V.

25 January 817 – 11 February 824 (7 years, 17 days)

Credited with finding the body of Saint Cecilia in the Catacomb of Callixtus, building the basilica of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere and the church of Santa Maria in Domnica.

8 May 824 – August 27 827 (3 years, 111 days)

31 August 827 – 10 October 827 (40 days)

December 827 – 25 January 844 (17 years+)

Rebuilt the atrium of St. Peter’s Basilica and in the newly decorated chapel transferred the body of Gregory I.

25 January 844 – 7 January 847 (2 years, 347 days)

27 January 847 – 17 July 855 (8 years, 171 days)

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

29 July 855 – 7 April 858 (2 years, 252 days)

24 April 858 – 13 November 867 (9 years, 203 days)

Encouraged missionary activity.

14 December 867 – 14 December 872 (5 years, 0 days)

14 December 872 – 16 December 882 (10 years, 2 days)

16 December 882 – 15 May 884 (1 years, 151 days)

17 May 884 – July 885 (1 year+)

September 885 – 14 September 891 (4 years+)

Sometimes called Stephen VI.

19 September 891 – 4 April 896 (4 years, 198 days)

Posthumously ritually executed following the Cadaver Synod.

4 April 896 – 19 April 896 (16days)

22 May 896 – 14 August 897 (1 years, 84 days)

Sometimes called Stephen VII. Held the infamous Cadaver Synod.

August 897 – November 897

December 897 - 20 December 897

January 898 – January 900 (2 years+)

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

1 February 900 – July 903 (3 years+)

July 903 – September 903

29 January 904 – 14 April 911 (7 years, 75 days)

"Saeculum obscurum" begins. The first pope to be depicted with the Papal Tiara.

April 911 – June 913

July/August 913 – 25 February 914

March 914 – May 928

June 928 – February 929

February 929 – 15 March 931

Sometimes called Stephen VIII.

February/March 931 – December 935

3 January 936 – 13 July 939 (3 years, 191 days)

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

14 July 939 – October 942

Sometimes called Stephen IX.

30 October 942 – 10 May 946 (3 years, 192 days)

10 May 946 – 8 December 955 (9 years, 212 days)

16 December 955 – 14 May 964 (8 years, 150 days)

Deposed in 963 by Emperor Otto invalidly; end of the "Saeculum obscurum".

22 May 964 – 23 June 964 (32 days)

Elected by the people of Rome, in opposition to the Antipope Leo VIII who was appointed by Emperor Otto; he accepted his own deposition in 964 leaving Leo VIII as the sole pope.

July 964 – 1 March 965

Appointed antipope by Emperor Otto in 963 in opposition to John XII and Benedict V. He became the true pope after Benedict V was deposed.

1 October 965 – 6 September 972 (6 years, 341 days)

Chronicled after his death as "the Good".

19 January 973 – June 974 (1 year+)

Deposed and murdered.

October 974 – 10 July 983

December 983 – 20 August 984

August 985 – March 996 (8 years+)

The first pope to formally canonize a saint.

3 May 996 – 18 February 999 (2 years, 291 days)

First German Pope

2 April 999 – 12 May 1003 (4 years, 40 days)

The first French pope.

June 1003 – 6 December 1003

25 December 1003 – July 1009 (5 years+)

31 July 1009 – 12 May 1012 (2 years, 286 days)

18 May 1012 – 9 April 1024 (11 years, 327 days)

April/May 1024 – 20 October 1032 (8 years+)

20 October 1032 – 31 December 1044 (12 years, 72 days)

1st Term

1 January 1045 - 31 March 1045 (0 years, 89 days)

Validity of election questioned; considered Anti-Pope; deposed at the Council of Sutri.

1 April 1045 – 10 November 1045 (0 years, 223 days)

2nd Term; deposed at the Council of Sutri

10 November 1045– 23 December 1046 (1 year, 43 days)

Deposed at the Council of Sutri

24 December 1046 – 9 October 1047 (0 years, 289 days)

Appointed by Henry III at the Council of Sutri; crowned Henry III as Holy Roman Emperor.

November 1047 – 17 July 1048

3rd Term; deposed and excommunicated

17 July 1048 – 9 August 1048 (0 years, 23 days)

12 February 1049 – 19 April 1054 (5 years, 66 days)

In 1054, mutual excommunications of Leo IX and Patriarch of Constantinople Michael I Cerularius began the East–West Schism. The anathematizations were rescinded by Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras in 1965

13 April 1055 – 28 July 1057 (2 years, 106 days)

2 August 1057 – 29 March 1058 (0 years, 241 days)

Sometimes called Stephen X. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

6 December 1058 – 27 July 1061 (2 years, 233 days)

In 1059 the College of Cardinals was designated the sole body of pope electors in the document In nomine Domini. (Papal conclave).

30 September 1061 – 21 April 1073 (11 years, 203 days)

Authorised the Norman conquest of England in 1066.

22 April 1073 – 25 May 1085 (12 years, 33 days)

Initiated the Gregorian Reforms. Restricted the use of the title "Papa" to the Bishop of Rome. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Political struggle with German Emperor Henry IV, who had to go to Canossa (1077).

24 May 1086 – 16 September 1087 (1 years, 115 days)

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.